Electrical system of distribution.



W. A. TUBBAYNE. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

Arrmouxo'n FILED nov.5,1909.

Patented May 2 v a V v w R 5 v 6 v mm .a Y W NIKY WILLIAM A. TURBAXNE;

ZORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOULD COUPLER COMPANY, A conronn'rion or NEW YoR'K.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTIOIhT.

1 of distribution and more especially to train lighting systems in whichautomatic means are used to regulate erator .and keep it at a propervalue.

. One object of my invention is to provide a system in which thegenerator voltage is automatically regulated and varied so that it Wlllproduce a train units and the train to be fed by the generator.

' A further object of my invention is to provide a system having theadvantages above pointed out and in which the voltage of the systemisregulated so as not to be proper voltage when more affected by thecharacteristics of the driven machines.

' Further objects, features and, advantages will more clearly appearfrom the detailed description given below taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing which forms a part of this. specification and whichshows diagrammatically a system embodying one form of my invention.

Referring to-the drawing, 1 represents a main generator which maybe'driven by the 3 movement of the train, as from a car axle, or

which may be driven at a substantially constant speed by any suit-ableprime mover.

he generator 1 supplies the main conductors 2, 3, and 4, the conductors3 and 4 forming a loop conductor by being connected at 5. The connectionbetween the various train units is indicated by the connectors 6. Asshown, the generator 1 is placed on the train unit designated A, whileC. On each of the train units B and C are placcdstorage batteries 7connected across the 'conductors 2 and 4:. Also connected across theconductors 2 and ion these train units are work circuits 8' and inseries with each work circuit is a carbon pile 9 arranged to becontrolled by a lever 10 and solenoid 11, the coil of the solenoid 11being connected directly across the work circuit 8, so that it-Specification of Iietters Patent. Application filed November 5, 1909.SeriaI'No.

the voltage of the gen-.

will be responsive to voltage changes of the work circuit The maingenerator 1 is shunt field l2 and in ser placed an auxiliarydynamo thesame shaft with 1provided with a 13 arranged on the generator 1 and s0wound that it normally opposes the action of: the field 12. In series inthe conductor 2 es therewith is Patented .Ma 2, 1911.

1s a main switch 14 whichis arranged to I close the circuit through theconductor 2.

when the voltage of the generator 1 has risen to a predetermined value.For this purpose it is operated by a coil 15 connected across thecircuit 2, 3, by a conductor 16. A coil 17 also regulates the action ofthe switch 14 and this coil is connected in series in the work circuitsare added to conductor 2 and 15 when current 14 in case any of thebatteries should tend to force current backthrough the generator 1. Thedynamo 13 is provided with a field coil 18 having one terminal connectedto the positive side of theother terminal connected to the conductor 2on the right hand side of the switch 14 by means of wire 19. In serieswith the wire 19 and field 18 is placed a fixed resistance '20..

21 represents a vibratingarmature acted upon by an electromagnet 22which is provided with windings or coils 23, 24 and 25. The armature 21is electrically connected with the negative side of the generator 1 bymeans of a conductor 26 and when attracted tact with the contactterminal 27 which is electrically connected with the negative side ofthe field coil 18 by means of a conductor 28. spring 29 normally holdsthe armature 21 away from the magnet 22.

The coil 23 has one terminal connected to the positive side of thegenerator 1 while its other terminal is connected with the contheconductorsi2, 3 v 5 and 4 extendthrough the train units B and' dnotor4st its end nearest the train unit A. The coil 24 is connected acrossthe terminals of the loop conductors 3 and 4, and has in seriestherewith, a variable resistance 30. The coil 25 is connected in shuntto the resistance 31, which resistance is in'series with the conductor 3near the positive terminal of the generator 1. 4 The operation of thesystem is as follows.

being started ally builds up as a shunt machine. This generator 1 withits up the generator 1 graduis arranged to aid the coil flowstherethrough from the generator 1 but acts to open :the switch 1 by theelectromagnet 22 is arranged to con' action is aided by the auxiliarydynamo 13,

which at this time field 12. This is due to the fact that the batteries7 cause a current to flow through 'the field coil 18 and resistance in aproper direction for this. purpose. This actioncontinues until thegeneratorl has reached the predetermined voltage at which cient to causethe tracted, .thus connecti the coil 18 directly I across the terminals0 the generator 1 and 1 of the armature 21 erator voltage the conductorsdue to -13 becomes a causing a current to flow in the o posite directiontherethrough, so that the ynamo counter machine and tends to greatlydecrease the field strength of the main generator. begins to takeefiect, however, the current through the coil 25 decreases so that thearmature 21 is almost immediately released to its former position. Asthis action continues the armature 21 vibrates back and forth at asuflicient rate to keep the voltage of the generator 1 so that itsoutput is substantially constant irrespective of the rate of its speed.This action is aided by the coil 23 which regulates the action of thearmature 21 responsive to voltage changes across the circuit. The actionof the coils 23 and 25. It will thus be seen that the coil 23 regulatesthe action so as to prevent the en from p the coil 25 prevents thegenerator current from rising unduly. In this manner the chargingcurrent to the batteries is kept at its proper value, but as the voltageof the batteries rise, due to their-becoming charged, the coil 23becomes more and more effective, so that the coil 25 necessarily becomesless 'effective, thus graduall cutting down the charging current a (1giving the'batteries a tapering charge. This action continues until theba-tteriesbecomefully charged and float across the line. In case moretrain units'are added to the system ibis proper that the generatorvoltage rlse somewhat, in order to have its output increase and tocompensate for the dro in voltage through the extra load placedthereupon. This is obtained by the action of the coil 2a which opposesthe action of coils 23 and 25, As more train units and is excited, sothat it produces a voltage in a direction to aid the sw1tch'14 to closeugh the conductor Iuitsand storage member 1: This gg'enerator-Immediately this action coil 24 opposes the.

rising unduly, w ileg work circuits are added tothe system the voltageacross the loop conductors 3 and 4 necessarily increases, so that thecoil 24 becomes more efi'ective, thereby weakening the magnet 22 andthus allowing the generator voltage to increase sufiiciently tocompensate more or less for the extra load thrown on. I preferablyadjust the action of the coil 24; so that it will not fuliy compensatefor this drop and so that as more 'and more train units are thrown intothe system toihe fed by the generator the voltage of the Will-notincrease propmtionately but apo' twill be reached where after a certainincrease in load the batteries 7 will take part of the extra load. Asthe voltage would tend to vary at the work circuits, de-

.,pending on whether they are being fed by thegenerator or batteries,any change-1n voltage operates the carbon piles 9 through the solenoids11 so that the voltage at the work circuits 8 is kept substantiallyconstant in a well known manner. noted that the vibrating regulator orarmature 21 operates while the batteries 7 are being charged, in orderto regulate the charging current thereon.

From the above it will the shunt winding 23 acting alone would tend tomaintain a constant potential of, say volts in a system employing 32cells of battery on each car, this voltage being maintained across theconductors 2 and 4 so that with no lights burning would automaticallyfall off as it approachedv the fully charged condition. As this .coii isconnected directly across and 4, variations in the drop of the loop.conductor will not affect the above The series coil 25 is responsive inany degree to the total machine output, and, therefore, sets a limit tothe machine output toany desired value to suit a certain length of trainand will maintain this value of output with the lamps or work circuitson or off, subject to reduction, however, as the battery back pressurerises. The third winding 24, acting in an opposing direction, increasesthe output in any desired proportion to meet the demands of increasedload and length of conductors. The two windings 24 and 25 may the loadwill increase in such proportion as train units are added, that, if thetrain attains such a lengthas to have a lamp loa greater than thecapacity of the generator the batteriesWill be caused to take theoverload by dischargingas above explained.

From the above it will be apparent that the system is inherently,provided for 'the control of the,genera' moutput to suit the variationsin the length of the train or variations in the state of charge of thebatter y,,and this is obtained independently of be apparent that thecharacteristics of the machines 1 and 13.

It will be the battery charge,

the conductors 2 action.

desired Most of the features above pointed out'are extremelyadvantageous Whether the dynamo 1 be driven at a constant speed or at avariable speed.

, Although I have described my improvements in great detail I do notdesire to be limited thereto except 'as specified in the claims, sincemany changes and modifications may be made within the spirit and scopeof my invention. a i' Having fully and clearly described my improvementswhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: r

1. In an electrical system of distribution, a generator, a vibratoryarmature arrangedto regulate the voltag'e'of the generator, a.

' plurality of batteries and Work circuits ar ranged to be fed by thegenerator and a coil arranged to cause the enerator voltage to increaseas more WOIkCIICllllZS are connected to be fed by the generatorresponsive to va- 'riations in the line drop of the system.

2. In an electrical system of distribution, a generator, a plurality ofbatteries and work'circuits arranged to be fed thereby, acounter-machine for regulating the field strength of the generator toregulate the generator voltage, a vibratory armature arranged toregulate the action of said coun-.

ter-machine, a coil arranged to regulatethe action of said armaturetomaintain the voltage of the generator at a proper value,

and a coil arranged to regulate the action of said armatureito increasethe voltage of the generator when more work circuits are connected to befed by the generator said last mentioned coil being responsive tovariations in the line drop to said work circuits,

- 8. In an electrical train lighting system, a variable speed generatordriven by the movement of the train, a plurality of train units eachcarrying a battery and work-cincuit arranged to be fed by the generator,means for regulating the field strength of the generator to regulate,its voltage, and a coil for regulating the action of said .means toincrease the voltage of the enerator when more train units are connecteto be supplied by the generator said coil being responsive to variationsin the line drop to said work circuits.

4. In an electrical train lighting system, a

variable speed generator driven by the movement of the train, aplurality of train units each carrying a battery and work circuitarranged to 'befed by the generator, a vibratory armaturearranged toregulate the field strength of the generator to regulate its voltage, acoil arranged to regulate the action of said armature to maintain thevoltage of the generator within fproper limits, a loop conductorextending om the generator to the various work circuitsanda coilresponsive to the voltage drop in said conductor for regul-atingtheaction of said armature regulate its voltage, the action of said meansto increase the voltto increase thevoltage of the generator when morework circuits are connected to the generator. v I

-5; In an electrical train lighting system, a

variable speed generator driven by the movement of t e train, aplurality of train units each carrying a battery and work circuitarranged to be fed by the generator, a loop conductor extending from thegenerator to the various work circuits, means for regulating-the fieldstrength of the generator to and a coil for regulating age of thegenerator when more train units are connected to be supplied by thegenerator, said coil being connected to be responsive to variationsinthe voltage drop in saidloop conductor.

6. In an electrical train lighting system, a variable speed generatordriven by the movement of the train, aplurality of train units eachcarrying a battery and work circuit arranged "to be fed by thegenerator, a vibrating armature arranged to regulate'the fieldstrengthof the generator to regulate its voltage, a coil arranged to regulatethe action of said armature responsive to variationsin the generatorcurrent, a coil arranged to regulate theaction of said armatureresponsive to voltage variations to limit the voltage of the generator.and a coil ar ranged to regulate the action of said armature to increasethe voltage of the generator when more work circuits are connected to befed by the generator.

7. In an electrical train lighting system, a

variable speed generator driven bythemovement of the train, a pluralityof train units each carrying a battery and work circuit ar ranged to befed by the generator, an auxiliary dynamo arranged to regulate the fieldstrength of the generator to regulate its voltage, a -vibrating armatureswitch arranged to vary the action of said dynamo,a

loop conductor extending from the cigarator to the various work circuitsan teries, a coil arranged to regulate the action of said armaturetoregulate the voltage of the generator and a coil arranged toregulate theaction of saidarmature to-increase the {voltage of the generator whenmore train units are added, saidlast, mentioned coil being connectedacross said loop conductor to be responsive to variations in drop theren.

the voltage I 8. In an electrical trainlighting system, a

variable 'speed generator drivenby the movement of the train, aplurality of tram units eachcarrying a battergra'nd work circuit ar-"ranged to be fed by the generator, means for re ating the voltage of thegenerator including a vibrating armature, a coil for varying the actionof said armature to re 1 late the voltage of the generator responsive tocurrent changes, acoil for varying the lilo '4 e 1. 991,114 action ofsaid'ermeture.tefegulatejtlge volt- .In testimony whereof, I have signedmy 10 age of the generator res onsive to vdltage name to thisspecification, in the presence 01:" clizmges and a third coil orevaryingthe ac two subscribing witnesses.

- tion of saidflermaturento regulate the voltage 5 I of the generatorresponsivete variations in WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE.

thevoltggedrop between the generatdr and work cl -rcuits, said armaturecausing the WVitnesses: generator voltztgeio be maintained at its PIERCEW. ENGLISH,

proper va1ue wh'11e thebattery is chargmg. W. H. BATLENDEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner 0f Patents Washington, D. C.

